Jun 09, 2021 (Nikkei) - TOKYO -- A fierce battle is taking place among nations determined to ensure post-pandemic economic growth, one that centers on job retraining.
As COVID-19 forced countries to impose social and other restrictions, the digital transformation only accelerated. Now that some nations are emerging from the worst of the pandemic, workers will have to pick up new skills, or their economies will fall down the productivity and international competitiveness ladders.
Behind-the-times countries like Japan face another battle -- gaining public support for the kind of labor revolution that will allow them to catch up to the front-runners.
Job retraining correlates with productivity. A country that has a higher ratio of people participating in job-related education programs than other countries is more productive per hour, according to data released by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. North European countries like Denmark and Sweden, which have a ratio of more than 50%, rank high in productivity.
Japan and other countries should "review its employment policy from the viewpoint of growth strategy," said Hisashi Yamada, vice chairman of Japan Research Institute.
Sluggish economies such as Japan's and Italy's may get off to late starts in the post-COVID competition -- unless they establish a mechanism to provide skills indispensable for improved productivity to a range of workers.
North European nations' efforts are remarkable. One key is that they advance job re-education programs established through government-labor-management cooperation.
In Denmark, vocational schools are managed mainly by local governments, their curricula determined jointly by labor unions and employers. At information technology-related schools, job-specific labor unions, such as those of engineers, and other relevant parties update curricula almost every year to keep up with technological trends.
In Sweden, practical education programs are also determined by public-private partnerships. Students in these vocational programs spend more than 25% of their hours training at companies. Laws make it relatively easy for companies to dismiss workers, but specialized organizations provide effective support for re-employment.
The Scandinavian nation, its mobile workers and their constantly evolving skill sets have allowed companies like music streamer Spotify to grow and thrive.
As the digital transformation accelerates and demands new skills, the need for training becomes clear.
In January 2020, the World Economic Forum worked out a plan to retrain 1 billion people by 2030 and give them skills suited to the information technology and other sectors. Companies such as Salesforce.com of the U.S. and Infosys of India will help to promote the plan.
Japan is a laggard in this trend. The ratio of workers participating in retraining programs in Japan is 35%, 5 percentage points under the OECD average. Japan's productivity is roughly half that of North European nations and ranks 21st among the 37 OECD member countries.
