News On Japan

Successful Observation of Oxygen Creation from Water Molecules in Photosynthesis

Okayama, Feb 01, 2024 (News On Japan) - A research group, including scientists from Okayama University, has successfully captured part of the process by which oxygen molecules are produced from water molecules during photosynthesis using special X-rays. This breakthrough is expected to lead to a better understanding of the detailed mechanisms of photosynthesis and has potential applications in the research of "artificial photosynthesis," which is gaining attention as a clean energy source.

Successful Observation of Oxygen Creation from Water Molecules in Photosynthesis

The findings were published by the research group led by Professor Jian-Ren Shen of Okayama University in the international scientific journal 'Nature'. It is known that during the reaction in photosynthesis where oxygen is produced from water, substances in which atoms like manganese are bonded in a shape reminiscent of a "distorted chair" act as a catalyst to incorporate water. The research group utilized special X-rays to observe the catalyst incorporating water molecules in an extremely short time frame, ranging from two hundred millionths to five thousandths of a second. As a result, they were able to capture in three dimensions the changes in the structure of the catalyst that began one microsecond after exposure to light, and how it gradually incorporates water molecules.

The development of "artificial photosynthesis," which uses sunlight to produce hydrogen and oxygen from water and carbon dioxide, is drawing global attention as a clean energy source. The research group expects that their results will contribute to the development of catalysts for artificial photosynthesis. Professor Shen commented, "It took five years to reach this point in our research. Now, we want to elucidate the mechanism by which oxygen is produced, which is the final step."

Source: NHK

News On Japan
POPULAR NEWS

Record rainfall caused 19 rivers to overflow across Fukui Prefecture, flooding roads and homes, triggering landslides and temporarily forcing authorities to issue the highest-level heavy rain emergency warning from early Sunday morning.

Drones were used to deliver food and daily necessities to an isolated mountain community in Himi City, Toyama Prefecture, on August 30 after torrential rain triggered a landslide that cut off road access, while volunteers continued flood recovery work in neighboring Ishikawa Prefecture.

Two typhoons east of Japan were moving northward on August 30, with Typhoon No. 23 (Banlan) overtaking Typhoon No. 22 (Artau), although neither storm is expected to have a direct impact on Japan.

A 9-minute, 13-second drone video filmed inside Aeon Mall Kumamoto two days after the deadly explosion has provided a detailed view of the destruction, showing collapsed ceilings, heavy dust and widespread damage that may have affected between one-third and nearly half of the shopping center.

Strong Typhoon No. 18 was moving northwest through the East China Sea on the night of August 26, gradually pulling away from Okinawa and the Amami Islands as lingering rain, strong winds and high waves were expected to ease. As of 9 p.m. on August 26, the typhoon was over waters north-northwest of Kume Island and moving northwest.

MEDIA CHANNELS
         

MORE Sci-Tech NEWS

The Japanese government has revised its assessment of active faults across the Kinki region for the first time in about 20 years, increasing the number of fault zones considered at the highest level of concern for earthquakes of magnitude 6.8 or greater from three to eight.

Residents in Minoh, Osaka Prefecture, have asked the city to take a more active role in explaining and reviewing plans for a large data center to be built on the former site of Osaka University's Minoh Campus, citing concerns over low-frequency noise, loss of sunlight and other potential effects on daily life.

A magnitude 5.9 earthquake centered in southern Ibaraki Prefecture shook a wide area of the Kanto region at around 2 a.m. on August 23, registering a maximum intensity of lower 5 on Japan's seven-level seismic scale in parts of Ibaraki, Saitama, Chiba and Tokyo.

A cognitive trait known as aphantasia, in which people are unable to voluntarily form images in their minds despite knowing what objects look like, may affect about 4% of people, highlighting significant differences in how individuals experience memory, imagination and everyday tasks.

Dangerous heat returned across Japan on August 19, complicating disaster recovery efforts in earthquake-hit Kumamoto and flood-damaged Chiba while unusually low rainfall and limited snowfall pushed reservoirs in several regions toward critical levels.

Japanese researchers are developing a lithium-air battery that uses oxygen from the atmosphere to store and generate electricity, promising nearly five times the capacity of conventional lithium-ion batteries at less than half the weight and potentially opening the way to far longer electric vehicle driving ranges.

Security camera footage captured the moment part of the Hinagu Fault Zone broke through the ground during the Kumamoto earthquake on July 28, as strong shaking lifted the surface of a rice field and moved a nearby light truck violently.

New research is reshaping long-held assumptions about Tyrannosaurus rex, including suggestions that the giant predator may have lived to around 40 years rather than 28, while advances in fossil analysis are also offering new clues about dinosaur growth, posture and even color.